ANS:B - had already been undetermined

No answer description is available. 

ANS:C - 'c' means argument count 'v' means argument vector

No answer description is available. Let's discuss.

ANS:B - passes below the hill top C

According to me, here reciprocal levelling is considered as two hilltops is intervened by the third hilltop. so for large obstruction like this reciprocal levelling is done and this levelling completely eliminates the curvature effect and line of collimation error but refraction is partly left. Due to partly left refraction, it makes the object look higher than what it is actually sine we apply + correction for this. So by this 3rd hill top appear to be raised so LOS passes below hill c. For long sights and accurate levelling work, the effects of the curvature of the earth and refraction of the line of sight shall have to be taken into consideration. The effect of curvature is greater than that of refraction, the combined effect causes the points to appear to be lower than they actually are.
Consider it practically, with total correction=Cc+Rc =(-) 26.94m.

This is a correction for point B, means B will be around 27 meters below what we can see without considering hilltop C.

Now if hilltop C is considered, then we can not sight B as C will be in between A&B actual level line.

In this case distance between point A and B is more than that of Point A & C, the effect of the curvature of the earth and refraction of the line of sight is more in case of A & B compares to A and C, so point B will be lower than C and the line of sight from A to B passes below C.

The Correct answer is option B. The combined correction due to refraction and curvature is always negative indicating the value we got is more than the actual due to curvature of earth.

So even if we consider both refraction and curvature; the line of sight should be above C only. The logic we are missing is that if B is sighted from A, the line of sight will be obviously below the hill top. This is because in the given question it is mentioned, the top levels of all 3 hills are same. Now hill C is in between A and B.

In brief, the distance between A and C is less than the distance between A and B. So accordingly, when you sight B it simply indicates that you are sighting relatively lower point than top level of C (the same reason you people told.. due to curvature of earth) so the line of sight will be obviously below C.  I think it is because of both due curvature & refraction effect. If we go only go with earth curvature effect the correction is negative (Cc=-.0785d2) it means the line of sight go above the hill top "c".

and if we go with refraction effect than the correction is +tive (Cr=+(1/7)Cc) it means the line of sight gets deflected downward. For the above problem we consider both curvature & refraction effect which is (Cc+Cf)= -0.0673d2 it means the line sight gets deflected downward so the answer B is right. It is given that hill tops of A&B are intervened y third top, but height of third top is not given.

Therefore, m not able to understand how option B is correct.

Question is not clear to me.

ANS:D - None of these

1. Talc: Talc is a naturally occurring mineral composed of hydrated magnesium silicate. It is known for its softness and lubricating properties. Talc has a layered structure similar to graphite, which allows for some reduction in friction when used as a lubricant. However, talc is not as effective as other solid lubricants like graphite and molybdenum disulfide. It is commonly used in applications where a low level of lubrication is sufficient, such as in talcum powder, cosmetics, and as a filler material in various products.
2. Molybdenum disulfide: Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is a solid lubricant widely used in various industrial applications. It consists of layers of molybdenum atoms sandwiched between layers of sulfur atoms. These layers can slide over each other with minimal resistance, providing excellent lubricating properties even under high temperatures and pressures. Molybdenum disulfide is used in applications where extreme conditions require high-performance lubrication, such as in automotive components, aerospace equipment, and industrial machinery.
3. Graphite: Graphite is another commonly used solid lubricant with a layered crystal structure similar to molybdenum disulfide. It consists of carbon atoms arranged in tightly packed layers that can slide over each other easily, resulting in low friction and excellent lubricating properties. Graphite exhibits good lubrication even at high temperatures and in harsh environments. It is widely used in various industrial applications, including as a lubricant for machinery, locks, bearings, and electrical contacts.

ANS:D - accounting machine, keypunch machine, and sorter

No answer description is available.

ANS:A - reciprocating

To handle smaller quantities of fluid at higher discharge pressures, a reciprocating pump is typically used. Here’s why:

• Reciprocating Pump: Reciprocating pumps are positive displacement pumps that operate by using a piston, plunger, or diaphragm to displace fluid in discrete volumes. They are capable of generating high pressures because they can develop high discharge pressures due to their ability to produce high head (pressure).
• Centrifugal Pump: Centrifugal pumps, on the other hand, are suitable for high flow rates but generally operate at lower discharge pressures compared to reciprocating pumps. They are not as effective at handling smaller quantities of fluid at high discharge pressures.
• Volute: A volute is a part of a centrifugal pump that converts kinetic energy to pressure energy. It is not a type of pump itself.
• Rotary Vacuum Pump: Rotary vacuum pumps are used to create vacuum or low pressures, not high discharge pressures.

ANS:C - Antarctica

The Department of Posts opened a second branch of the post office in Antarctica, specifically at the Bharati research station, marking a significant development after almost four decades. This expansion highlights India's continued presence and operational activities in Antarctica, supporting scientific exploration and environmental stewardship efforts on the continent.

ANS:D - Gujarat

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has launched the 'India International Bullion Exchange (IIBX)', at the Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT City) near Gandhinagar, Gujarat.

ANS:D - 10th

Indira Gandhi International (IGI) Airport in Delhi is ranked as the 10th busiest airport globally in 2023. This ranking is based on the number of passengers, with IGI Airport handling 7.22 crore passengers during that year. The Airports Council International (ACI) provides these rankings annually, highlighting the airport's significant traffic and importance on the global aviation map.

ANS:C - Tamil Nadu

The 44th FIDE Chess Olympiad is being hosted by the state of Tamil Nadu.