ANS:A - The boy enquired who dared call him a thief.

No answer description is available. 

ANS:A - 9

No answer description is available. Let's discuss.

ANS:D - it is provided with a prism to facilitate reading of its graduated circle

The main difference between the two instruments is that the surveyor's compass is usually the larger and more accurate instrument, and is generally used on a stand or tripod. The prismatic compass, on the other hand, is often a small instrument which is held in the hand for observing and is therefore employed in the rougher classes of work. The graduations on this prismatic compass are situated on a light aluminium ring fastened to the needle, and the zero of the graduations coincides with the south point of the needle. The graduations, therefore, remain stationary with the needle, and the index turns with the sighting vanes. Since the circle is read at the observer's (rather than the target's) end, the graduations run clockwise from the south end of the needle (0° to 360°), whereas, in the surveyor's compass, the graduations run anti-clockwise from the north.

The prismatic attachment consists of a 45° reflecting prism with the eye and reading faces made slightly convex so as to magnify the image of the graduations. This might be helpful for better understanding.

ANS:A - True

No answer description is available.

ANS:C - switch

It should be related to its binary nature as a light switch has only two states on and off.

ANS:A - Bingham plastic

A Bingham plastic is a type of non-Newtonian fluid that exhibits a behavior similar to both solids and liquids under different conditions of stress. Here are the key characteristics and properties of a Bingham plastic fluid:

1. Yield Stress: A Bingham plastic fluid behaves like a solid at low stresses because it requires a certain amount of stress, known as the yield stress (τy\tau_yτy​), to begin flowing. Below this yield stress, the fluid behaves as if it is solid and does not deform or flow.
2. Linear Viscosity: Once the yield stress is exceeded, the fluid flows like a Newtonian fluid, meaning its viscosity remains constant with respect to shear rate. Above the yield stress, the shear rate and shear stress are linearly related by a viscosity coefficient, similar to Newtonian fluids.
3. Flow Behavior: The flow behavior of a Bingham plastic fluid can be described by the Bingham plastic model: τ=τy+μγ˙\tau = \tau_y + \mu \dot{\gamma}τ=τy​+μγ˙​ where:
   • τ\tauτ is the shear stress,
   • τy\tau_yτy​ is the yield stress (the minimum stress required to initiate flow),
   • μ\muμ is the viscosity of the fluid when it flows (sometimes called plastic viscosity),
   • γ˙\dot{\gamma}γ˙​ is the shear rate.
4. Applications: Bingham plastics are found in various industrial and natural contexts. For example, drilling muds, certain food products (like ketchup), and slurries of certain types behave as Bingham plastics. Understanding their flow behavior is crucial for applications such as pipeline transport, where the ability to predict when flow will occur (based on yield stress) and the subsequent behavior under flow conditions is important.

ANS:A - 33%

The Women Reservation Bill approved by the Union Cabinet mandates a 33% reservation for women in both the Lok Sabha and state assemblies. To ensure fairness and equitable distribution, the reserved seats will be rotated after each general election.

ANS:D - India

India hosted the inaugural United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) South Asia Conference from September 14 to 16, 2023 in New Delhi. The conference was organized jointly by the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), UNCITRAL, and the organization's national coordination committee for India.

ANS:B - 76 percent

India has slashed its solar imports from China by up to 76% in the first half of 2023, according to a report by global energy think tank Ember.

ANS:D - Rs 7,210 crore

The Cabinet has approved a budget of Rs 7,210 crore over four years for e-Courts Phase III to modernize the nation's judiciary.