ANS:E - Universe

Explanation: All except Universe form a part of the universe.

ANS:B - used once

Primary batteries (disposable batteries), which are designed to be used once and discarded when they are exhausted. Secondary batteries (rechargeable batteries), which are designed to be recharged and used multiple times.

ANS:A - Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but R is not a correct explanation of A. Assertion (A) is true because the determination of pH value in sewage is indeed important. pH value affects the solubility, chemical reactions, and microbial activity in sewage, which in turn influence the efficiency of treatment processes and the overall performance of sewage treatment plants. Reason (R) is true because the efficiency of certain treatment methods, such as biological treatment processes, chemical precipitation, and disinfection, can be significantly influenced by the pH value of sewage. For example, in biological treatment processes, pH affects the activity and growth of microorganisms responsible for organic matter degradation. Similarly, in chemical precipitation, pH influences the precipitation of metals and other contaminants. However, while Reason (R) correctly identifies that the efficiency of certain treatment methods depends on the availability of pH value, it does not directly explain why the determination of pH value is important. The importance of pH value in sewage goes beyond just treatment efficiency; it also affects the overall performance and operation of sewage treatment systems. Therefore, R is not a correct explanation of A. So, the correct option is: Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A.

ANS:A - 0.833 kHz

Mod-12 counter is divide by 12 counter. Output frequency = = 0.833 kHz.

ANS:C -

To identify which diagram does not represent an Otto cycle, let's briefly review what an Otto cycle is: The Otto cycle is a thermodynamic cycle that describes the operation of a typical spark-ignition internal combustion engine, such as those used in most gasoline-powered vehicles. The cycle consists of four processes:

1. Isentropic compression: The air-fuel mixture is compressed adiabatically and reversibly from state 1 to state 2.
2. Constant volume heat addition: The compressed mixture is ignited, causing a rapid combustion process at constant volume, raising the temperature and pressure.
3. Isentropic expansion: The heated gas expands adiabatically and reversibly, performing work on the piston, from state 2 to state 3.
4. Constant volume heat rejection: The exhaust gases are expelled, and the remaining heat is rejected at constant volume, returning the gas to its initial state.

1. Diagram A: Represents the four processes of the Otto cycle: isentropic compression, constant volume heat addition, isentropic expansion, and constant volume heat rejection.
2. Diagram B: Represents an Otto cycle with the same four processes.
3. Diagram C: Represents a cycle that includes constant pressure heat addition and constant pressure heat rejection. This does not correspond to the constant volume heat addition and heat rejection processes characteristic of the Otto cycle.
4. Diagram D: Represents a cycle that includes constant volume heat addition and constant volume heat rejection. This corresponds to the correct processes of the Otto cycle.

ANS:C - Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea appointed Col Edison Napyo as its first Defence Advisor to India, marking a significant development in bilateral relations between the two countries. The appointment underscores the warm and friendly relations enjoyed by India and Papua New Guinea, which formalized diplomatic ties in 1976. Port Moresby serves as the capital of Papua New Guinea, and the currency used is the Papua New Guinean Kina.

ANS:B - Farhan Akhtar

Farhan Akhtar was roped in as a brand ambassador of Women's Boxing along with Mary Kom.