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Fluid Mechanics - Engineering

Q1:

The ratio of inertial forces to gravity forces is called the __________ number.

A Mach

B Froude

C Euler

D Weber

ANS:B - Froude

The ratio of inertial forces to gravity forces is called the Froude number. The Froude number (FrFrFr) is a dimensionless number used in fluid mechanics to compare inertial forces to gravitational forces. It is defined as: Fr=vgLFr = \frac{v}{\sqrt{gL}}Fr=gL​v​ where:

  • vvv is the characteristic velocity of the flow,
  • ggg is the acceleration due to gravity,
  • LLL is a characteristic length (such as the depth of water in an open channel).
The Froude number is particularly important in the study of open channel flows and in predicting the behavior of waves and ship movements.