ANS:C - ethanol

In industrial nomenclature, alcohol typically refers to ethanol. In industrial nomenclature, alcohol typically refers to ethanol for several reasons:

Definition and Context:

1. Ethanol (C₂H₅OH):
   • Ethanol is the most widely used alcohol in various industries and is commonly known as drinking alcohol or ethyl alcohol.

Industrial Significance:

1. Versatile Applications:
   • Ethanol is used in a wide range of applications, including as a solvent, in the production of beverages, and as a fuel additive (e.g., in gasohol).
2. Chemical Intermediate:
   • It serves as a key raw material in the synthesis of other chemicals, such as ethyl acetate, acetaldehyde, and various polymers.

Production Methods:

1. Fermentation:
   • Ethanol is produced naturally through the fermentation of sugars by yeast, commonly from crops like sugarcane and corn.
2. Synthetic Methods:
   • It can also be synthesized from petrochemical sources through hydration of ethylene, making it a versatile compound in both renewable and fossil fuel contexts.

Regulatory and Cultural Context:

1. Regulatory Framework:
   • Ethanol is often specifically referenced in regulations and standards regarding alcohol production, sales, and usage, distinguishing it from other alcohols.
2. Cultural Recognition:
   • In many contexts, "alcohol" is synonymous with ethanol due to its prevalence in alcoholic beverages, further solidifying its status in industrial nomenclature.

Summary: