Q1: __________ metal is used as a bearing liner material.

ANS:C - Babbit

Babbitt metal, often referred to simply as "Babbitt," is a soft, white alloy that is commonly used as a bearing material. Here's an explanation of Babbitt metal and its properties:

1. Composition: Babbitt metal is typically composed of a mixture of tin, antimony, and copper, along with smaller amounts of other metals such as lead or arsenic. The exact composition can vary depending on the specific application and desired properties.
2. Softness: Babbitt metal is relatively soft compared to the shafts it supports, which is important for reducing friction and wear in bearing applications. The softness of Babbitt allows it to conform to the shape of the shaft, providing a smooth and uniform bearing surface.
3. Low Friction: Babbitt metal has low friction properties, which help to reduce the amount of energy lost to friction and improve the efficiency of machinery. This is particularly important in high-speed rotating equipment such as engines and turbines.
4. Load Bearing Capacity: While Babbitt metal is soft, it still has the ability to support moderate loads. This makes it suitable for use in a wide range of bearing applications, including automotive engines, industrial machinery, and marine propulsion systems.
5. Compatibility: Babbitt metal is compatible with a variety of shaft materials, including steel, cast iron, and bronze. It forms a stable, low-friction interface with these materials, reducing wear and extending the life of both the bearing and the shaft.
6. Manufacturing Process: Babbitt metal is typically cast into the desired shape using a process similar to traditional metal casting techniques. The molten metal is poured into a mold containing the bearing housing or shell, where it solidifies to form the bearing liner.