Q1: A solution which resists change in its pH value on addition of acid/alkali is called the __________ solution.

ANS:C - buffer

A solution which resists change in its pH value on addition of acid/alkali is called a buffer solution. Explanation:

1. Neutral solution: A neutral solution has a pH value of 7, indicating that it is neither acidic nor basic. It does not necessarily resist changes in pH upon addition of acid or alkali.
2. Ideal solution: An ideal solution is a hypothetical concept in which the behavior of the solution conforms perfectly to Raoult's law or Henry's law. It does not necessarily resist changes in pH upon addition of acid or alkali.
3. Buffer solution: A buffer solution is a solution that maintains its pH value even when small amounts of acid or alkali are added to it. Buffers are typically composed of a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid). The weak acid/base component can react with added acid or alkali to neutralize it, preventing large changes in pH.
4. Zero pH solution: A solution with a pH of 0 is extremely acidic and contains a high concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺). It does not resist changes in pH upon addition of acid or alkali.