ANS:C - partial ionisation

Partial ionization refers to the phenomenon where only a small fraction of molecules in a substance undergo ionization, resulting in the formation of ions. In the case of water, partial ionization occurs due to the self-ionization of water molecules into hydronium ions (H3O+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). The self-ionization reaction of water can be represented as: H2O⇌H++OH−H2​O⇌H++OH− In this reaction, a small fraction of water molecules dissociate into hydronium ions (H3O+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) in an equilibrium process. The concentration of these ions in pure water at room temperature is relatively low, with only about 10−710−7 moles per liter of each ion present. The presence of these ions in water contributes to its electrical conductivity and affects its various chemical and physical properties. However, it's important to note that water is considered a weak electrolyte due to the low concentration of ions resulting from partial ionization. In summary, partial ionization in water refers to the small fraction of water molecules that dissociate into ions, leading to the formation of hydronium and hydroxide ions. This phenomenon influences the behavior and properties of water but does not result in complete ionization as observed in strong electrolytes.