Q1: An "orange peel" effect is observed

ANS:B - during deep drawing of metallic sheet having large grain size.

The "orange peel" effect is typically observed in the finishing of painted surfaces, particularly automotive finishes, and is not directly associated with metal casting, welding, deep drawing, or extrusion processes. However, if we were to choose the option that seems most relevant, it would be:

• "during extrusion of metal through a die."

Extrusion is a metalworking process where a material, often in the form of a billet, is forced through a die to produce a desired shape or profile. The surface finish of the extruded product can sometimes exhibit a texture resembling the surface of an orange peel. This texture can result from various factors such as die design, material flow characteristics, temperature, and lubrication during the extrusion process. While the "orange peel" effect is not a common term associated with extrusion defects, it can occasionally occur in extruded products depending on the specific conditions of the process. Therefore, out of the given options, extrusion would be the most plausible context for observing this effect, although it is not a typical defect observed in extrusion processes.