Capacitors

Q1: As a capacitor is being charged, current flowing into the capacitor will:

A increase

B decrease

C remain the same

D cannot tell

ANS:B - decrease

The capacitor does not operate based on ohm's law. Capacitors are non-linear devices which means that Voltage and current are not linearly proportional to each other. At t=0 assuming a dc source, i.e. battery is connected to a capacitor, the capacitor will act as a short therefore Vc = 0 and I = maximum. As the charge builds up on the capacitor plates, the voltage difference between the capacitor plates increases (hence Vc increases), so the voltage difference between either terminal of the battery and the plate it is connected to decreases.

So the electric field in the wire decreases. Therefore the current in the wire will decrease in time. Another way to think of it is when the capacitor becomes fully charged, it would essentially become open thus it would not allow current to flow through it effectively limiting the current.



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