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Hydraulics

Q1: Discharge through a totally submerged orifice, is directly proportional to

A difference in elevation of water surfaces

B square root of the difference in elevation of water surface

C square root of the opening

D reciprocal of the area of the opening

E none of these.

ANS:B - square root of the difference in elevation of water surface

Discharge through a totally submerged orifice is directly proportional to the square root of the difference in elevation of water surfaces. The discharge through a submerged orifice is governed by Torricelli's law, which states that the velocity of efflux (discharge) from an orifice is proportional to the square root of the height (or head) of fluid above the center of the orifice. This height difference represents the pressure head, which drives the flow through the orifice. Therefore, the correct statement is: Discharge through a totally submerged orifice is directly proportional to the square root of the difference in elevation of water surfaces.



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