Q1: Electric arc furnace is employed mainly for the production of __________ steel.

ANS:B - alloy

The electric arc furnace is primarily employed for the production of alloy steel. Explanation:

1. Alloy Steel: Electric arc furnaces are commonly used for melting and refining alloy steels. Alloy steels are steel grades that contain various alloying elements in addition to carbon and iron. These alloying elements, such as chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, and others, are added to enhance specific properties of the steel, such as strength, hardness, corrosion resistance, and heat resistance.
2. High Carbon Steel: High carbon steels typically contain carbon content ranging from 0.60% to 1.00%. While electric arc furnaces can melt high carbon steel, they are more commonly used for producing alloy steels.
3. Mild Steel: Mild steel, also known as plain carbon steel, contains low levels of carbon (usually less than 0.30%) and no significant alloying elements. While electric arc furnaces can also melt mild steel, they are more commonly used for producing alloy steels, which often require precise control over alloying element content and composition.
4. Plain Carbon Steel: Plain carbon steel refers to steel grades that primarily consist of iron and carbon without significant alloying elements. While electric arc furnaces can melt plain carbon steel, they are more commonly used for producing alloy steels, which offer a wider range of properties and applications.