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Hydraulics

Q1: Equation of continuity of flow is based on the principle of conservation of

A mass

B momentum

C force

D none of these.

ANS:A - mass

The equation of continuity of flow is based on the principle of conservation of mass. The principle of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a closed system. In fluid dynamics, the equation of continuity expresses this principle by stating that the mass flow rate is constant within a steady flow, meaning that the mass entering a control volume must equal the mass leaving the control volume. Mathematically, the equation of continuity is expressed as: A1​V1​=A2​V2​ Where:

  • A1​ and A2​ are the cross-sectional areas of the pipe at points 1 and 2, respectively, and
  • V1​ and V2​ are the velocities of the fluid at points 1 and 2, respectively.
This equation demonstrates that the product of the cross-sectional area and velocity of the fluid remains constant along the flow path, thus conserving mass. Therefore, the equation of continuity of flow is based on the principle of conservation of mass.



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