Q1: Equilibrium moisture of a solid is equal to the total moisture minus free moisture. Which of the following substances will have maxi-mum equilibrium moisture ?

ANS:C - Bamboo

Bamboo is a type of grass that belongs to the family Poaceae. It is known for its tall, woody stems (culms) and fast growth rate, making it a versatile and sustainable material used in various applications. Here's an explanation of bamboo:

1. Botanical Characteristics: Bamboo is a perennial plant characterized by its tall, hollow stems known as culms. These culms have distinct nodes and internodes and are segmented into sections along their length. Bamboo plants have a rhizomatous root system that spreads horizontally underground, allowing them to quickly propagate and form dense clusters known as "groves."
2. Variety: There are over 1,500 species of bamboo found in diverse habitats ranging from tropical forests to temperate regions. Bamboo species vary in size, shape, and color, with some species growing to heights of over 100 feet (30 meters) and others being much smaller and more compact.
3. Uses: Bamboo has been used by humans for thousands of years for a wide range of purposes. It is valued for its strength, durability, and versatility. Common uses of bamboo include:
   • Construction: Bamboo is used as a building material for structures such as houses, bridges, and scaffolding. Its strong and lightweight properties make it an ideal alternative to traditional wood.
   • Furniture and Crafts: Bamboo is used to make furniture, flooring, and a variety of handicrafts such as baskets, mats, and utensils.
   • Textiles: Bamboo fibers are processed to create soft and breathable fabrics used in clothing, bedding, and other textile products.
   • Culinary: Certain species of bamboo, such as bamboo shoots, are edible and used in cooking in many Asian cuisines.
   • Environmental Uses: Bamboo is recognized for its environmental benefits, including carbon sequestration, soil stabilization, and erosion control. It is also used in reforestation and agroforestry projects.
4. Sustainability: Bamboo is considered one of the most sustainable and eco-friendly materials due to its rapid growth rate, high biomass production, and minimal environmental impact compared to traditional timber sources. It requires less water, pesticides, and fertilizers to grow and can be harvested without causing harm to the plant or ecosystem.
5. Cultural Significance: Bamboo holds cultural significance in many societies around the world, particularly in Asia where it is revered as a symbol of strength, flexibility, and resilience. It features prominently in art, literature, folklore, and traditional ceremonies.

Overall, bamboo is a versatile, sustainable, and culturally significant plant that plays a vital role in various aspects of human life and the environment. Its unique properties and wide-ranging applications make it an invaluable resource for sustainable development and conservation efforts.