Q1: Fine grained steels have

ANS:C - high ductility

Fine-grained steels typically have high ductility. The grain size in metals, including steels, plays a significant role in determining their mechanical properties. Finer grain sizes generally result in improved mechanical properties, including higher strength, toughness, and ductility, compared to coarser-grained counterparts. Fine-grained steels exhibit enhanced ductility due to several factors:

1. Grain Boundary Strengthening: In fine-grained steels, the high density of grain boundaries acts as barriers to dislocation movement, leading to increased strength and ductility.
2. Uniform Deformation: Fine grains promote more uniform deformation during plastic deformation processes, such as stretching or bending, which enhances the overall ductility of the material.
3. Resistance to Cleavage Fracture: Fine-grained microstructures are less prone to cleavage fracture, which is a brittle fracture mechanism. Instead, they tend to deform plastically before fracturing, contributing to their higher ductility.