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Estimating and Costing - Engineering

Q1:

If B is the width of formation, d is the height of the embankment, side slope S : 1, for a highway with no transverse slope, the area of cross-section is

A B + d + Sd

B Bd + Sd2

C B x d - Sd1/2

D
(Bd + Sd2)

ANS:B - Bd + Sd2

Top width is B.

Bottom width is b + sd + sd = b + 2sd.
Depth of embankment is d.

Area of trapezoidal = (d/2) * (b + b + 2sd) .
= (d/2) * (2b + 2sd).
= (d/2) * 2 * (b + sd).
= bd + sd * d.
= bd + s(d^2).