Q1: If jd is the lever arm and ΣO is the total perimeter of reinformcement of an R.C.C. beam, the bond stress at the section having Q shear force, is

ANS:C -

The bond stress at a section of an RCC (Reinforced Concrete Cement) beam, where there is shear force Q, can be calculated using the lever arm (jd) and the total perimeter of reinforcement (ΣO). The bond stress (τ) can be determined using the formula: τ=ΣO×jd/Q​ Where:

• Q is the shear force at the section (kN or kg)
• ΣO is the total perimeter of reinforcement (cm)
• jd is the lever arm (cm)

This formula represents the shear force Q being resisted by the total perimeter of reinforcement (ΣO) along the lever arm (jd). The bond stress indicates the force per unit area exerted on the reinforcement bars due to the shear force. It's important to ensure that the units are consistent throughout the calculation. For example, if Q is in kN, ΣO should be in cm, and jd should be in cm as well. Using this formula, you can calculate the bond stress at the section of the RCC beam where the shear force Q is acting.