ANS:A -

The local bond stress (Sb​) in a beam is equal to the shear force (V) divided by the product of the width of the beam (b) and the effective depth of the beam (d). Mathematically, it can be expressed as: Sb​=b×dV​ Where:

• Sb​ = Local bond stress
• V = Shear force acting on the beam
• b = Width of the beam
• d = Effective depth of the beam

The local bond stress (Sb​) represents the force per unit area acting at the interface between the concrete and the reinforcing bars within the beam. It's a critical factor in determining the capacity of the beam to transfer shear forces from the concrete to the steel reinforcement. If the local bond stress exceeds the permissible bond stress, it can lead to bond failure or concrete cracking, compromising the structural integrity of the beam. Therefore, it's essential to calculate and analyze the local bond stress to ensure the safe and efficient design of reinforced concrete beams.