Q1: In extraction, as the temperature increases, the area of hetrogeneity (area covered by binodal curve)

ANS:A - decreases

In extraction processes, the binodal curve represents the boundary between the two-phase (liquid-liquid) region and the single-phase (liquid-rich or solvent-rich) region in the phase diagram. The area covered by the binodal curve represents the range of compositions where liquid-liquid equilibrium occurs. As the temperature increases in an extraction process, the area covered by the binodal curve typically decreases. This phenomenon is due to the fact that increasing temperature tends to decrease the immiscibility of the two liquid phases, leading to a narrowing of the two-phase region on the phase diagram. At higher temperatures, the solubility of solutes in solvents usually increases, promoting greater miscibility between the phases. As a result, the two-phase region becomes smaller, and the area covered by the binodal curve decreases. Therefore, the correct statement is: "In extraction, as the temperature increases, the area of heterogeneity (area covered by the binodal curve) decreases."