Q1: In flowing liquids pitot tubes are used measure

ANS:C - velocity

Pitot tubes work based on the principle of converting the kinetic energy of the fluid into pressure energy. They have a small opening facing the flow which captures the pressure of the fluid. The total pressure measured by the Pitot tube is a combination of the static pressure (due to the fluid's static energy) and the dynamic pressure (due to the fluid's velocity). By measuring the total pressure and the static pressure separately, one can determine the dynamic pressure, which is directly related to the velocity of the fluid. Hence, Pitot tubes are commonly employed to measure fluid velocities in various applications such as in aircraft, pipes, and wind tunnels. While Pitot tubes indirectly provide information about the velocity of the flow, they are not typically used to measure discharge, pressure, or depth directly, although they can be part of systems used for such measurements in some contexts.