Q1: Low viscosity absorbent is preferred for reasons of

ANS:D - all (a), (b) and (c).

The correct option is: all (a), (b) and (c). Explanation:

1. Rapid Absorption Rates and Good Heat Transfer Characteristics:
   • A low viscosity absorbent promotes rapid absorption rates because it can more easily penetrate and come into contact with the solute in the gas phase.
   • Additionally, low viscosity absorbents typically have good heat transfer characteristics, allowing for efficient heat exchange between the gas and liquid phases in absorption processes. This facilitates the transfer of heat from the gas to the absorbent, promoting better absorption efficiency.
2. Improved Flooding Characteristics:
   • Flooding in absorption towers occurs when the gas and liquid flow rates exceed the capacity of the tower to handle them effectively. This can lead to reduced efficiency and operational issues.
   • Low viscosity absorbents are less prone to causing flooding because they flow more easily through the tower and can better handle high flow rates without impeding the absorption process. This improves the overall flooding characteristics of the system.
3. Low Pressure Drop on Pumping:
   • Pumping absorbent through the absorption system requires energy, and a lower viscosity absorbent will experience less resistance to flow, resulting in lower pressure drop.
   • Low pressure drop on pumping reduces the energy consumption of the system and lowers operating costs. It also allows for easier operation and maintenance of pumps and other equipment in the absorption system.

In summary, using a low viscosity absorbent offers multiple advantages, including rapid absorption rates, good heat transfer characteristics, improved flooding characteristics, and lower pressure drop on pumping. These benefits contribute to overall efficiency, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of the absorption process.