Q1: Maintenance cost of a __________ pump for a particular duty is the least.

ANS:A - centrifugal

Maintenance cost of a centrifugal pump for a particular duty is typically the least compared to reciprocating, volute, or gear pumps.

Explanation:

1. Centrifugal Pumps:
   • Centrifugal pumps are widely used in various industries due to their simplicity in design, ease of operation, and lower maintenance requirements compared to other types of pumps.
   • They have fewer moving parts (typically an impeller and a shaft) compared to reciprocating pumps and gear pumps, which reduces the complexity of maintenance and decreases the likelihood of mechanical failure.
2. Reciprocating Pumps:
   • Reciprocating pumps have more components, including pistons, valves, and seals, which require more frequent maintenance and replacement. They are often used for specific applications where high pressure or metered flow rates are required.
3. Volute Pumps:
   • Volute pumps refer to centrifugal pumps with a volute casing design. Their maintenance costs can vary depending on the specific design and application, but generally, centrifugal pumps with volute casings share similar maintenance characteristics with standard centrifugal pumps.
4. Gear Pumps:
   • Gear pumps involve gears meshing together to pump fluids. They are robust and suitable for high-pressure applications, but they may have higher maintenance costs due to the wear and tear on gear teeth and seals.

Factors Affecting Maintenance Cost:

• Complexity of Design: Pumps with simpler designs typically have lower maintenance costs.
• Number of Moving Parts: More moving parts usually mean higher maintenance requirements.
• Operating Conditions: Pumps operating under harsh conditions (high pressures, corrosive fluids) may require more frequent maintenance.

Conclusion:

In general, for a particular duty, the maintenance cost of a centrifugal pump tends to be the least among centrifugal, reciprocating, volute, and gear pumps, primarily due to its simpler design and fewer moving parts, which reduces the frequency and complexity of maintenance tasks.