Q1: Maximum stability of white phosphorous is at

ANS:D - >600°C

White phosphorus (𝑃4P4​) is known to undergo a transition to red phosphorus at temperatures above 600∘𝐶600∘C. At temperatures exceeding 600∘𝐶600∘C, white phosphorus gradually converts into red phosphorus, which is a more thermodynamically stable form. This transition is exothermic, meaning it releases heat. The conversion process involves breaking down the tetrahedral structure of white phosphorus molecules into a polymeric network structure characteristic of red phosphorus. This rearrangement of atoms leads to the formation of long chains or layers of phosphorus atoms bonded together in a more stable configuration. Red phosphorus is significantly less reactive and less toxic than white phosphorus. It finds applications in various fields, including the manufacturing of safety matches, pyrotechnics, and semiconductor materials. Therefore, while white phosphorus is most stable at room temperature under atmospheric pressure, temperatures exceeding 600∘𝐶600∘C lead to its transformation into red phosphorus, which is a more stable allotrope at higher temperatures.