Q1: Out of the following __________ iron has the best capability to bear sudden & excessive shocks.

ANS:C - wrought

Out of the following, wrought iron has the best capability to bear sudden and excessive shocks. Wrought iron is a form of iron with very low carbon content and fibrous inclusions, which give it excellent toughness and ductility. It has superior shock absorption properties compared to other forms of iron such as white iron, cast iron, or pig iron. Wrought iron is well-known for its ability to deform under stress rather than break, making it highly suitable for applications where resilience and durability are essential, such as in the construction of bridges, railway tracks, and machinery subjected to heavy loads and impact forces. In contrast, white iron is brittle and prone to shattering under sudden shock, while cast iron and pig iron have higher carbon content and are more prone to cracking or fracturing when subjected to sudden and excessive shocks. Therefore, wrought iron is the most suitable option for bearing such shocks among the listed choices.