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Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering - Engineering

Q1:

Over-consolidation of soils is caused due to

A erosion of over burden

B melting of ice sheets after glaciation

C permanent rise of water table

D all the above.

ANS:D - all the above.

  1. Erosion of overburden: The removal of overlying material can result in a decrease in stress on the underlying soil layers, causing them to be over-consolidated.
  2. Melting of ice sheets after glaciation: During glaciation, soils can experience high pressures due to the weight of the ice sheets. When the ice sheets melt and retreat, the stress on the underlying soils decreases, potentially leading to over-consolidation.
  3. Permanent rise of water table: A permanent rise in the water table can lead to an increase in pore water pressure within the soil, which can reduce effective stress and result in over-consolidation.
Therefore, the correct option is: all the above. Each of these factors can contribute to the over-consolidation of soils by altering the stress state within the soil mass.