Q1: Pick up the correct statement from the following:

ANS:B - When water table is located somewhat below the base of a footing, the elastic wedge is partly of moist soil and partly of submerged soil, and a suitable reduction factor is used

The correct statement from the options provided is: When water table is located somewhat below the base of a footing, the elastic wedge is partly of moist soil and partly of submerged soil, and a suitable reduction factor is used. In situations where the water table is somewhat below the base of a footing, the soil wedge can consist of both moist soil above the water table and submerged soil below the water table. In such cases, engineers often use a suitable reduction factor to account for the presence of submerged soil, which can exert additional lateral pressure on the structure. This reduction factor helps adjust the design calculations to reflect the combined effects of both moist and submerged soil conditions, ensuring the stability and safety of the structure against lateral forces exerted by the soil.