Q1: Pig iron is

ANS:C - the one, which comes out of the blast furnace.

Pig iron is the one, which comes out of the blast furnace. Explanation: Pig iron is an intermediate product of the iron smelting process. It is produced by smelting iron ore in a blast furnace, along with coke (a form of carbon) and limestone. The blast furnace operates at high temperatures and is designed to reduce iron ore into molten iron. The molten iron is then cast into molds, where it solidifies into pig iron ingots or pigs, which are later used as raw material in steelmaking or further refined to produce wrought iron or cast iron. Pig iron is typically high in carbon content, with levels ranging from 3.5% to 4.5%, along with other impurities such as silicon, sulfur, and phosphorus. It is brittle and not suitable for direct use in most applications but serves as a crucial raw material in the production of steel and cast iron. Pig iron is named as such because it is often cast into molds resembling piglets suckling on a sow.