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Fertiliser Technology - Engineering

Q1:

Raw materials required for the production of CAN (Calcium ammonium nitrate) is NH3

A HNO3 & limestone

B CO2 & H2SO4

C HNO3 & NH4Cl

D CO2 & KNO3

ANS:A - HNO3 & limestone

The correct raw materials required for the production of Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) are HNO3 (nitric acid) and limestone (CaCO3). Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) is a nitrogenous fertilizer that contains both ammonium nitrate and calcium carbonate. The production process involves the following steps:

  1. Production of Ammonium Nitrate: Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) is typically produced by neutralizing nitric acid (HNO3) with ammonia (NH3). However, in the case of CAN production, ammonium nitrate is not produced separately but rather formed in situ during the reaction with calcium carbonate.
  2. Reaction with Limestone: Nitric acid (HNO3) is reacted with limestone (CaCO3) to form calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2] and water (H2O). This reaction can be represented as:
HNO3+CaCO3→Ca(NO3)2+H2O+CO2HNO3+CaCO3→Ca(NO3)2+H2O+CO2
  1. Ammoniation: The calcium nitrate obtained from the reaction is then ammoniated by adding ammonia (NH3), resulting in the formation of calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) and water:
Ca(NO3)2+2NH3→Ca(NH4)2(NO3)2Ca(NO3)2+2NH3→Ca(NH4)2(NO3)2 Therefore, the correct raw materials required for the production of Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) are nitric acid (HNO3) and limestone (CaCO3).