Q1: Reaction of cresylic acid with __________ produces tricresyl phosphate.

ANS:B - phosphorous oxychloride

The reaction of cresylic acid with phosphorus oxychloride produces tricresyl phosphate. Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) is an organophosphate compound used primarily as a plasticizer and flame retardant in various industrial applications. It is synthesized through the reaction of cresylic acid (which contains phenol isomers) with phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3). This reaction is commonly known as the Schotten-Baumann reaction. The reaction can be represented as follows: Cresylic acid+Phosphorus oxychloride→Tricresyl phosphate+HClCresylic acid+Phosphorus oxychloride→Tricresyl phosphate+HCl In this reaction, phosphorus oxychloride reacts with the hydroxyl groups (-OH) of cresylic acid to form tricresyl phosphate and hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a byproduct. Tricresyl phosphate is formed by esterification, where the hydroxyl groups of the cresylic acid are replaced by phosphate groups from the phosphorus oxychloride.