Q1: Retaining walls are generally constructed with dry rubble stones with 60 cm top width and

ANS:B - 1 : 3 front batter

The design if a retaining wall needs structural analysis definitely. But to proceed with at the beginning we apply thumb rule to get preliminary dimensions with respect to the height of the retaining wall. During such proportioning, we take a batter of 1:3. This can change during actual designing. If batter required is steeper then we keep this value. But if batter required is flatter then we accept the flatter one or sometimes we adjust the top width to make the batter proportionate and look presentable geometrically.