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Mass Transfer

Q1: Separation of a mixture of two gases by absorption in the liquid solvent depends upon the difference in their

A viscosity

B density

C solubility

D relative volatility

ANS:C - solubility

Separation of a mixture of two gases by absorption in a liquid solvent depends upon the difference in their solubility. Here's why:

  1. Solubility Difference: When a mixture of gases is brought into contact with a liquid solvent, the degree to which each gas dissolves in the solvent depends on its solubility in that solvent. Gases with higher solubility in the solvent will tend to dissolve more readily than those with lower solubility.
  2. Selective Absorption: The solubility difference between the gases determines the extent to which they are absorbed by the solvent. If one gas in the mixture has a significantly higher solubility than the other, it will be preferentially absorbed, leading to separation of the gases.
  3. Equilibrium Considerations: During absorption, an equilibrium is established between the concentrations of the gases in the gas phase and their concentrations in the liquid phase. The solubility of each gas determines the equilibrium concentration ratio between the gas phase and the liquid phase, influencing the separation efficiency.
Relative volatility, on the other hand, is a property relevant to distillation processes, where it quantifies the difference in vapor pressures of the components in a mixture. It is not directly related to absorption processes.



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