ANS:B - baffle

A baffle is a structure or device used to control the flow of fluids, gases, or particles within a container or system. It is commonly employed in various industrial processes, mechanical systems, and chemical reactors for several purposes, including improving mixing, enhancing heat transfer, reducing turbulence, and promoting separation. Here are some key points about baffles:

1. Purpose: Baffles are installed within containers, tanks, reactors, or other vessels to alter the flow patterns of fluids or gases. They can be used to redirect flow, break up eddies, or promote mixing to achieve desired process objectives.
2. Design: Baffles come in various shapes, sizes, and configurations depending on the specific application and requirements. They can be flat plates, angled plates, grids, or other geometric shapes. The design of the baffle is tailored to the intended purpose and the characteristics of the fluid or gas being handled.
3. Installation: Baffles are typically mounted inside the vessel or container in strategic locations to achieve the desired flow modification. They may be permanently fixed in place or designed to be adjustable or removable for maintenance or process changes.
4. Effects: Baffles can have several effects on fluid flow, including breaking up large-scale flow structures, reducing turbulence, promoting mixing of fluids with different properties or phases, and enhancing heat transfer by increasing the contact area between the fluid and heat exchange surfaces.
5. Applications: Baffles find applications in various industries and processes, including chemical processing, petroleum refining, wastewater treatment, food processing, and pharmaceutical manufacturing. They are used in reactors, distillation columns, heat exchangers, scrubbers, and other equipment to improve efficiency, performance, and product quality.