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Statement and Argument - Verbal and Reasoning

Directions to SolveEach question given below consists of a statement, followed by three or four arguments numbered I, II, III and IV. You have to decide which of the arguments is/are 'strong' arguments) and which is/are 'weak' arguments) and accordingly choose your answer from the alternatives given below each question.
Q1:

Statement: Should workers/employees be allowed to participate in the management of factories in India? Arguments:
  1. Yes. It is the present management theory.
  2. No. Many workers are illiterate and so their contributions will not be of any value.
  3. Yes. Employees-owned companies generally have higher productivity.
  4. No. Employee-union ownership drives up salaries and wages.

A Only I and II are strong

B None is strong

C Only II and III are strong

D All are strong

E None of these

ANS:C - Only II and III are strong

Explanation: Argument I in support does not provide a valid reason for the pursuance of the policy. So, it is vague. Argument II provides a valid reason, as literacy is an essential criteria to take proper decisions on policy matters regarding management of factories. Besides, workers, if involved in management, would surely be motivated to work more devotedly, thus enhancing productivity. So, both II and III follow. IV provides a reason too feeble in the light of facts given in II and III. So, IV also does not hold strong.