Q1: Steel is welded using the __________ flame.

ANS:B - neutral

A neutral flame is a type of flame used in welding and cutting processes, achieved by mixing oxygen and fuel gases such as acetylene in balanced proportions. In the case of oxy-acetylene welding, for example, a neutral flame is obtained when the oxygen and acetylene flow rates are adjusted to produce equal volumes of oxygen and fuel gas at the torch tip. The term "neutral" refers to the fact that this type of flame does not contain an excess of either oxygen or fuel gas. Instead, it has a stoichiometric balance, meaning that all of the oxygen and fuel gas present in the flame are fully consumed during combustion. As a result, a neutral flame burns with a clean, blue-colored flame that provides a balanced and controlled heat source for welding or cutting metal. In welding applications, a neutral flame is preferred because it ensures optimal conditions for melting and fusing the base metal without introducing unwanted chemical reactions or defects into the weld. It provides a stable, well-defined heat zone with sufficient heat output to achieve proper penetration and fusion of the metal while minimizing oxidation and other potential issues.