Q1: Stresses encountered in the metal forming processes are less than the __________ of the material.

ANS:A - fracture strength

The correct term to complete the sentence is "fracture strength." In metal forming processes, the stresses experienced by the material are typically kept below its fracture strength to avoid catastrophic failure. Fracture strength, also known as ultimate tensile strength (UTS) or ultimate strength, is the maximum stress that a material can withstand before it ruptures or breaks under tension. It represents the highest level of stress that the material can endure without undergoing complete failure. Metal forming operations such as forging, rolling, extrusion, and drawing involve applying mechanical forces to shape metals into desired forms. During these processes, the material experiences various types of stresses, including tensile, compressive, and shear stresses. It's crucial to ensure that these stresses remain below the fracture strength of the material to prevent structural failure and maintain the integrity of the formed part.