Q1: The equilibrium liquid composition compared to the vapor composition in case of azeotropic mixture is

ANS:C - same

Sure, let's dive into a bit more detail. In a system containing an azeotropic mixture, the composition of the liquid and vapor phases at equilibrium remains constant during the process of vapor-liquid equilibrium. This occurs because the components in the mixture evaporate and condense at the same rates, maintaining a constant composition in both phases. When the mixture is heated, the components with lower boiling points will vaporize first, leading to a vapor phase with a composition identical to that of the liquid phase. Similarly, when the vapor is condensed, it will form a liquid phase with the same composition as the vapor. This process continues until the entire system reaches equilibrium. Because of this unique behavior, the equilibrium liquid composition is indeed the same as the equilibrium vapor composition for azeotropic mixtures. This phenomenon is what distinguishes azeotropic mixtures from other types of mixtures where the composition of the liquid and vapor phases can vary during vapor-liquid equilibrium.