Q1: The nominal size of a hose pipe is specified by its

ANS:A - I.D.

The nominal size of a hose pipe is typically specified by its inside diameter (I.D.).

Explanation:

1. Nominal Size:
   • The nominal size of a hose pipe refers to a standard size designation used to describe its diameter. This size is often used for ordering and specifying purposes.
   • For hoses, the nominal size is generally based on the internal diameter (I.D.) of the hose.
2. Inside Diameter (I.D.) vs. Outside Diameter (O.D.):
   • Inside Diameter (I.D.): This is the diameter of the inner hole or bore of the hose through which the fluid flows. It directly affects the flow rate and pressure capacity of the hose.
   • Outside Diameter (O.D.): This is the diameter of the entire hose including its thickness. It is important for fitting the hose into connectors or determining clearance.
3. Thickness:
   • The thickness of the hose wall is not typically used as a primary specification for nominal size. It is important for durability and pressure resistance but does not directly determine the nominal size.

Conclusion: