Q1: The phenomenon occuring during pumping of a liquid solution containing dissolved gases, which may come out of the solution giving rise to gas pockets, is termed as

ANS:B - cavitation

The phenomenon occurring during pumping of a liquid solution containing dissolved gases, where these gases may come out of solution and form gas pockets, is termed cavitation. Here’s an explanation of the terms:

1. Cavitation: Cavitation occurs when the local pressure in a fluid drops below the vapor pressure of the liquid, causing the formation of vapor bubbles or cavities within the liquid. These vapor bubbles can collapse violently when they move to regions of higher pressure, leading to damage to pump components and a decrease in efficiency. In the context of dissolved gases in a liquid solution, cavitation can occur if the pressure drops sufficiently to allow the dissolved gases to come out of solution and form bubbles.
2. Evaporation: Evaporation is the process by which a liquid changes into a vapor state at a temperature below its boiling point. It typically occurs at the surface of the liquid.
3. Sublimation: Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid phase to the gas phase without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.
4. Stripping: Stripping refers to a process where one component (such as a gas) is removed from a liquid by passing a gas or vapor phase through the liquid.

In the context provided, where dissolved gases in a liquid solution may form gas pockets due to pressure changes during pumping, the correct term is cavitation. This phenomenon is particularly problematic in pumps and can cause operational issues and damage. Therefore, the correct answer is cavitation.