ANS:C - absorption

An absorption dynamometer is a type of dynamometer used to measure the power output of engines or prime movers. In this context, a prime mover refers to any device that converts energy into mechanical motion, such as an engine or motor. The operation of an absorption dynamometer involves absorbing the power generated by the prime mover and converting it into another form, typically heat. This is achieved by using a mechanical load coupled to the prime mover. As the prime mover operates, it applies torque to the load, causing it to rotate. The load absorbs the mechanical energy produced by the prime mover, converting it into heat. The absorbed energy is dissipated or removed from the system through a cooling mechanism, such as air or water cooling. By measuring the temperature change or heat dissipation rate, the power output of the prime mover can be accurately determined. Absorption dynamometers offer several advantages for power measurement, including:

1. Wide Range of Applications: Absorption dynamometers can be used to measure the power output of various types of prime movers, including internal combustion engines, electric motors, turbines, and more.
2. Accuracy: These dynamometers provide accurate and reliable measurements of power output under different operating conditions, allowing engineers to assess the performance characteristics of prime movers with precision.
3. Flexibility: Absorption dynamometers can be easily adjusted to apply different loads to the prime mover, enabling testing across a range of power levels and speeds.
4. Control: The load applied by the dynamometer can be controlled precisely, allowing for repeatable testing and analysis of the prime mover's performance under specific conditions.

Overall, absorption dynamometers play a crucial role in engineering and automotive industries for evaluating the power output, efficiency, and performance of prime movers. They provide valuable data that helps engineers optimize the design and operation of engines, motors, and other machinery.