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Hydraulics - Engineering

Q1:

The ratio of the inertia and gravitational force acting in any flow, ignoring other forces, is called

A Euler number

B Frode number

C Reynold number

D Weber number.

ANS:B - Frode number

The ratio of the inertia and gravitational forces acting in any flow, ignoring other forces, is called the Froude number. The Froude number (Fr) is defined as the ratio of inertial forces to gravitational forces in a flowing fluid. It's particularly important in open-channel flow and free-surface flow situations. The formula for Froude number is: Fr=V​/gd Where:

  • V is the velocity of the fluid,
  • g is the acceleration due to gravity,
  • d is the characteristic length scale (such as the depth of the fluid).
The Froude number helps in characterizing the flow regime. It's named after William Froude, a British engineer who contributed significantly to the study of ship hydrodynamics.