Q1: The ratio of the weight of given volume of soil solids to the weight of an equal volume of distilled water at the given temperature, is known

ANS:B - specific gravity

From pycnometer method,

G=(W2-W1) /((W4-W1)-(W3-W4))

Where,
W1 = weight of pycnometer.
W2 = wt of pycno.. + wt of sand.
W3 = wt of (pycno.. +sand +water).
W4 = Wt of (pycno.. +water). Ys= a unit weight of solids.
Yw=unit weight of water.
specific gravity(G)=Ys/Yw. sp.gravity = required sample density/standard sample density.

= sample weight/equal weight of water.