Q1: The relative volatility of a binary mixture at constant temperature __________ the total pressure.

ANS:A - decreases with increase in

the statement "The relative volatility of a binary mixture at constant temperature decreases with an increase in total pressure" is incorrect. Let me explain why: The relative volatility (𝛼α) of a binary mixture at constant temperature is primarily influenced by the vapor pressures of the individual components and their interaction. Relative volatility is defined as the ratio of the vapor pressures of the two components: 𝛼=𝑃𝐴∗𝑃𝐵∗α=PB∗​PA∗​​ where 𝑃𝐴∗PA∗​ and 𝑃𝐵∗PB∗​ are the vapor pressures of components A and B, respectively. At constant temperature, the vapor pressures of the components remain constant. Therefore, the relative volatility remains constant as well, regardless of changes in total pressure. In actuality, an increase in total pressure tends to shift the equilibrium towards the liquid phase due to the Le Chatelier's principle, which states that a system at equilibrium will respond to external changes by counteracting those changes to maintain equilibrium. This shift towards the liquid phase would actually decrease the relative volatility, but it's not directly due to the increase in total pressure. So, to clarify, the correct statement is: "The relative volatility of a binary mixture at constant temperature is independent of the total pressure."