Q1: The semiconductor diode which can be used in switching circuit in microwave range is

ANS:A - PIN diode

A PIN diode has an intrinsic (i) layer between p and n layers. When reverse bias is applied depletion layers are formed at p-i and i-n junctions. The effective/width of depletion layer increases by the width of i layer. It can be used as a voltage controlled attenuator. At high frequencies the rectification effect ceases and impedance of diode is effectively that of i layer. This impedance varies with the applied bias. It is used in high frequency switching circuits, limiters, modulators etc.