ANS:B - Bazin's formula

Bazin's formula is an empirical equation used to calculate the velocity of flow in an open channel, similar to Chezy's formula. However, Bazin's formula includes additional parameters to account for variations in channel roughness and flow conditions. The formula is expressed as: V=C⋅R^2/3​⋅S^1/2​ Where:

• V is the velocity of flow,
• C is Bazin's coefficient (also known as Bazin's constant),
• R is the hydraulic mean depth (or hydraulic radius),
• S is the slope of the channel bed.

Bazin's formula incorporates the hydraulic mean depth (R) and the slope (S) of the channel, similar to Chezy's formula. However, Bazin's formula introduces a different exponent on the hydraulic mean depth compared to Chezy's formula, which reflects Bazin's empirical findings regarding the relationship between flow velocity and hydraulic depth. Bazin's coefficient (C) represents the roughness coefficient of the channel and accounts for the resistance to flow caused by factors such as channel roughness, vegetation, and obstructions. The value of Bazin's coefficient is determined empirically based on the characteristics of the channel and the flow conditions, often through calibration or reference to established tables or formulas. Bazin's formula provides an alternative approach to estimating flow velocities in open channels and is particularly useful in hydraulic engineering applications where the channel roughness and flow conditions may vary significantly. It is commonly used in conjunction with other hydraulic formulas and methods to design and analyze open-channel flow systems, such as irrigation canals, drainage channels, and stormwater conveyance systems.