Q1: Thermistors are used in __________ devices.

ANS:D - both (b) & (c)

Thermistors are used in both (b) temperature measuring and (c) temperature compensating devices. Explanation:

1. Temperature Measuring: Thermistors are semiconductor devices whose electrical resistance changes significantly with temperature. They are commonly used in temperature measuring devices, such as thermometers, thermostats, and temperature controllers. By measuring the electrical resistance of a thermistor, the temperature of the surrounding environment can be accurately determined.
2. Temperature Compensating: Thermistors are also used in temperature-compensating circuits to adjust the performance of electronic components or systems with changes in temperature. They can be employed to stabilize the operating characteristics of devices like voltage regulators, oscillators, and sensors over a wide temperature range. By incorporating thermistors into the circuitry, the effects of temperature variations on the performance of electronic systems can be minimized or compensated for.