Q1: Titanium is produced by __________ of Ti Cl₄.

ANS:C - magnesium reduction

Titanium is produced by magnesium reduction of TiCl4 (titanium tetrachloride). Explanation:

• Titanium production from titanium tetrachloride involves the use of a reducing agent to extract titanium metal from its compound.
• In the Kroll process, which is the most common method for producing titanium, titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) is reacted with a reducing agent, typically magnesium, to form titanium metal and magnesium chloride (MgCl2).
• The overall reaction can be represented as follows: TiCl4 + 2Mg → Ti + 2MgCl2
• In this reaction, magnesium acts as the reducing agent, while titanium tetrachloride is reduced to titanium metal.
• The process typically occurs in a reactor at high temperatures under an inert atmosphere, such as argon or helium, to prevent oxidation of the titanium.
• After the reaction, the titanium metal is separated from the magnesium chloride byproduct and further processed into the desired forms, such as ingots, sheets, or powder.