Q1: To avoid an interruption in the flow of a syphon, an air vessel is provided

ANS:C - at the summit

To avoid an interruption in the flow of a syphon, an air vessel is typically provided at the summit. A syphon operates based on the principle of atmospheric pressure pushing the liquid up and out of one reservoir and down into another. However, if air enters the syphon tube, it can disrupt the flow by breaking the continuity of the liquid column. An air vessel, also known as an air chamber or air vent, is installed at the summit (the highest point) of the syphon. Its purpose is to provide a space for air to accumulate, preventing air from entering the syphon tube and disrupting the flow of liquid. The air vessel allows the syphon to maintain a continuous flow without interruption. Therefore, the correct location for the air vessel in a syphon is at the summit.