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Declarations and Initializations - Programming

Q1:

What is the output of the program? 
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
    extern int a;
    printf('%d\n', a);
    return 0;
}
int a=20;

A 20

B 0

C Garbage Value

D Error

ANS:A - 20

extern int a; indicates that the variable a is defined elsewhere, usually in a separate source code module. printf('%d\n', a); it prints the value of local variable int a = 20. Because, whenever there is a conflict between local variable and global variable, local variable gets the highest priority. So it prints 20.