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C Preprocessor - Programming

Q1:

What will be the output of the program? 
#include<stdio.h>
#define SQR(x)(x*x)

int main()
{
    int a, b=3;
    a = SQR(b+2);
    printf('%d\n', a);
    return 0;
}

A 25

B 11

C Error

D Garbage value

ANS:A - 25

The macro function SQR(x)(x*x) calculate the square of the given number 'x'. (Eg: 102) Step 1: int a, b=3; Here the variable a, b are declared as an integer type and the variable b is initialized to 3. Step 2: a = SQR(b+2); becomes, => a = b+2 * b+2; Here SQR(x) is replaced by macro to x*x . => a = 3+2 * 3+2; => a = 3 + 6 + 2; => a = 11; Step 3: printf('%d\n', a); It prints the value of variable 'a'. Hence the output of the program is 11