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UPSC Civil Service Exam Questions - Engineering

Q1:

Which of the following factors are associated with the behaviour of sand mass during earthquake to cause liquefaction ?
1. Number of stress cycles
2. The frequency, and amplitude of vibration of waves generated by an earthquake
3. Characteristics of sand
4. Relative density
Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

A 1, 2 and 3

B 1, 2, 3 and 4

C 2 and 4

D 3 and 4

ANS:B - 1, 2, 3 and 4

Description About Liquefaction.

Loose sand and silt that is saturated with water can behave like a liquid when shaken by an earthquake. Earthquake waves cause water pressures to increase in the sediment and the sand grains to lose contact with each other, leading the sediment to lose strength and behave like a liquid.